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Writer's pictureEric D. Halsey

209 War on Two Fronts

Once again, Bulgaria faces fighting on multiple frontlines, with Entente forces attempting to put more pressure on them. This has transformed the war in the Balkans and now Bulgaria faces the prospect of losing an important city and potentially gaining an important region. The stakes have never been higher as the country stretches its capabilities to the limits.



Major Characters in this Episode:

Tsar Ferdinand

King Constantine

General Zhekov

Field Marshal Von Falkenhayn

Prime Minister Venizelos

Naum Tyufekchiev

Todor Alexandrov


Timeline for this episode:

  • 1916, Aug 27-Nov 26th - The Battle of Transylvania sees Romania defeated by the Central Powers.

  • 1916, Sep 1st - Bulgaria declares war on Romania.

  • 1916, Sep 2-6th - Bulgaria defeats Romania at the Battle of the Tutrakan Fortress.

  • 1916, Sep 5-7th - Bulgaria defeats Romania at the Battle of Dobrich.

  • 1916, Sep 10th - The Greek Fourth Corps surrenders in Eastern Macedonia and are sent to Piraeus and Thassos.

  • 1916, Sep 12th - The Monastir Offensive begins.

  • 1916, Sep 20th - Ivan Vazov is nominated for the Nobel Prize for Literature.

  • 1916, Oct 1st - A joint Russian-Romanian naval landing at Rahovo and Ruse is defeated by the Bulgarians and the Austrian Danube flotilla.

  • 1916, Oct 6-Nov 19th - Battles at the Cherna River.

  • 1916, Oct 19-22nd - A second attack leads to the capture of Kubadin and Toprakhasir by the Third Bulgarian Army.

  • 1916, Oct 21st - A ruling is issued in the “DesClosières affair” leading to 14 people being sentenced to 8-10 years in prison including deputies of the Agrarian and People’s Liberal parties.

  • 1916, Oct 23-24th - The Provisional Government of Venizelos declares war on Bulgaria and Germany.

  • 1916, Oct 28-Nov 11th - A Romanian counteroffensive in northern Dobrudja is repulsed by Bulgarian troops.

  • 1916, Nov 18th - The Battle of the Somme comes to an end.

  • 1916, Nov 21st - Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph dies and is succeeded by his grand nephew Karl I.

  • 1916, Nov 23rd-25th - The Bulgarians and Germans execute a joint landing across the Danube at Svishtov - Zimnich before advancing to Bucharest.


Sources used in this episode:

История на България в Дати by Vasil Katsunov, Plamen Mitev, Valeri Kolev, Evgenia Kalinova, and Iskra Baeva

The Balkans by Misha Glenny

Balkan Breakthrough by Richard C. Hall

The First World War by John Keegan

Foxy Ferdinand by Stephen Constant


Romanian troops crossing the Danube to invade Bulgaria.
Romanian troops crossing the Danube to invade Bulgaria.

A map of the Battle of Tutrakan.
A map of the Battle of Tutrakan.

A map showing the Central Powers' counteroffensive in Oct 1916.
A map showing the Central Powers' counteroffensive in Oct 1916.

French troops marching through Monastir (Bitola).
French troops marching through Monastir (Bitola).

The later stages of the Romanian campaign.
The later stages of the Romanian campaign.

A column of Romanian prisoners marching past Austrian artillery in the Carpathians.
A column of Romanian prisoners marching past Austrian artillery in the Carpathians.

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